Calculation methodology

How the planning estimate works.

PanelLoadCalc uses National Electrical Code Article 220 demand factors to estimate a home's electrical service load. The result is a planning signal—not a permit calculation.

1. General lighting and receptacles

The NEC requires 3 VA per square foot for general lighting, plus defined kitchen and laundry circuits.

+ Area × 3 VA
+ Small appliance circuits × 1,500 VA
+ Laundry circuit × 1,500 VA

2. Demand factors

The estimate applies demand factors because a home rarely uses every connected load at once.

First 3,000 VA: 100%
Remainder: 35%

Why older services can become constrained

Homes once relied more heavily on gas cooking, water heating, clothes drying, and space heating. A 100A service could be sufficient for that equipment mix.

Today, a Level 2 EV charger, heat pump, induction range, electric dryer, and electric water heater can materially change the dwelling load. The calculator is designed to surface that constraint before a project reaches permitting or installation.

Important boundary

The calculator cannot inspect panel condition, conductor sizes, utility equipment, local amendments, or installation details. A licensed electrician must verify the final calculation and design.